- Mony reads a lot of books. (Mony membaca banyak buku.)
- Lolita paints beach and mountain every day. (Lolita melukis pantai dan gunung setiap hari.)
- Bobby drinks coffee every Friday because he has to work overtime. (Bobby minum kopi setiap hari Jumat karena dia harus bekerja lembur.)
Rumus Active Voice dan Passive Voice Beserta Contoh Kalimatnya
Layaknya dalam bahasa Indonesia, bahasa Inggris juga memiliki kalimat aktif dan kalimat pasif. Kalimat aktif dan kalimat pasif dalam bahasa Inggris disebut active voice dan passive voice.
Active voice merupakan sebuah kalimat dalam bahasa Inggris di mana subjek melakukan suatu aksi atau tindakan terhadap objek, sedangkan passive voice adalah kalimat di mana subjek menerima sebuah aksi atau tindakan.
Biasanya, kalimat active dan passive voice digunakan untuk menunjukkan ketertarikan pada objek yang dikenai aksi atau tindakan (bukan objek yang melakukan tindakan). Untuk membuat kalimat active dan passive voice dalam bahasa Inggris, kamu perlu mengetahui rumusnya. Rumus tersebut sangat berguna agar tidak menimbulkan kesalahpahaman.
Nah, agar bahasa Inggris kamu semakin lancar, berikut telah Popmama.com rangkum rumus active voice dan passive voice beserta contoh kalimatnya dalam bahasa Inggris. Disimak, yuk!
1. Simple present tense
Untuk rumus active dan passive voice di kalimat simple present tense, kamu bisa menggunakan rumus sebagai berikut.
Active voice: Subject + V1 (s/es) + object
Passive voice: Subject + is/am/are + verb 3 + object
Contoh active dan passive voice pada kalimat simple present tense:
Active voice:
Passive voice:
- The barista is serving the last customer. (Barista itu sedang melayani pelanggan terakhir.)
- The book is read by her in the library. (Buku dibaca olehnya di perpustakaan.)
- The new car is bought by my parents this morning. (Mobil baru dibeli orang tuaku pagi ini.)
2. Present continuous tense
Untuk rumus active dan passive voice di kalimat present continuous tense, gunakanlah rumus berikut ini.
Active voice: Subject + is/am/are + V-ing + object
Passive voice: Subject + is/am/are being + verb 3 + object
Contoh kalimat active dan passive voice:
Active voice:
- I am reading a novel. (Saya sedang membaca sebuah novel.)
- Dior is studying math. (Dior sedang belajar matematika.)
- My mom washing our cloths. (Ibuku mencuci pakaian kami.)
Passive voice:
- Novel is being read by me. (Novel sedang dibaca oleh saya.)
- A snack is being shoot to die by Dior. (Camilan sedang ditembak mati oleh Dior.)
- Our clothes are being by my mother. (Pakaian kami sedang oleh ibu saya.)
3. Present perfect tense
Rumus active dan passive voice yang bisa digunakan dalam present perfect tense adalah:
Active voice: Subject + have/has + verb 3 + object
Passive voice: Subject + have/has been + verb 3 + object
Contoh kalimatnya:
Active voice:
- I have eaten sushi for two days. (Saya sudah makan sushi selama dua hari.)
- I have swept the floor. (Saya telah menyapu lantai.)
- She has lived here since 1997. (Dia tinggal di sini sejak 1997.)
Passive voice:
- The floor has been swept by me. (Lantai telah disapu oleh saya.)
- Sushi has been eaten by me for two days. (Sushi telah dimakan oleh saya selama dua hari.)
- Since 1997 she's been living here. (Sejak 1997 dia telah tinggal di sini.)
4. Present perfect continuous tense
Untuk present perfect continuous tense, kamu bisa menggunakan rumus active dan passive voice berikut ini.
Active voice: Subject + have/has been + v-ing + object
Passive voice: Subject + have/has been being + Verb 3 + object
Contoh kalimatnya:
Active voice:
- Juli has been reading that book for three hours. (Juli telah membaca buku itu selama tiga jam.)
- She has been watching TV. (Dia telah menonton TV.)
- We just have been cleaning this dirty class room. (Kami baru saja membersihkan ruang kelas yang kotor ini.)
Passive voice:
- That book has beening read for three hours by Juli. (Buku itu telah dibaca selama tiga jam oleh Juli.)
- So many cookies have been being brought by us for him. (Begitu banyak kue yang telah kami bawakan untuknya.)
- This dirty class room just have been being cleaned by us. (Ruang kelas yang kotor ini baru saja dibersihkan oleh kami.)
5. Simple past tense
Rumus active dan passive voice untuk simple past tense, yaitu sebagai berikut.
Active voice: Subject + verb 2 + object
Passive voice : Subject + was/were + verb 3 + object
Contoh kalimatnya adalah:
Active voice:
- I visited the zoo yesterday. (Saya mengunjungi kebun binatang kemarin.)
- My brother sent the letter to my father last week. (Adik saya mengirim surat kepada ayah saya minggu lalu.)
- The zoo was visited by me yesterday. (Kebun binatang itu dikunjungi oleh saya kemarin.)
Passive voice:
- Edi helped Mrs. Rani yesterday. (Roni membantu Ibu Rani kemarin.)
- The letter was sent by my borther to my father last week. (Surat dikirim oleh adik saya kepada ayah saya minggu lalu.)
- Mrs. Rani was helped by Edi yesterday. (Bu Rani dibantu oleh Edi kemarin.)
6. Past continuous tense
Rumus active dan passive voice untuk past continuous tense adalah sebagai berikut.
Active voice: Subject + was/were + v-ing + object
passive voice: Subject + was/were being + verb 3 + object
Contoh kalimat:
Active voice:
- Della and Deni were attending a meeting two days ago. (Della dan Deni menghadiri pertemuan dua hari yang lalu.)
- My mother was cleaning the kitchen floor while the children were playing in the living room. (Ibuku sedang membersihkan lantai dapur ketika anak-anak sedang bermain di ruang tamu.)
- Susi was cooking the rice yesterday. (Susi sedang memasak nasi kemarin.)
Passive voice:
- The meeting was being attended by Della and Deni two days ago. (Pertemuan itu dihadiri Della dan Deni dua hari lalu.)
- The kitchen floor was being cleaned by my mother while the children were playing in the living room. (Lantai dapur sedang dibersihkan oleh ibuku ketika anak-anak sedang bermain di ruang tamu.)
- The rice was being cooked by Susi yesterday. (Nasi sedang dimasak oleh Susi kemarin.)
7. Past perfect tense
Rumus active dan passive voice yang bisa digunakan untuk past perfect tense adalah sebagai berikut.
Active voice: Subject + had + verb 3 + O
Passive voice: Subject + had been + verb 3 + O
Contoh kalimat:
Active voice:
- The soldiers had used poisonous gas to kill hundreds of others. (Para prajurit telah menggunakan gas beracun untuk membunuh ratusan lainnya.)
- We had saved your money. (Kami telah menghemat uang kamu.)
- Rena had canceled the meeting soon last night. (Rena telah membatalkan rapat segera tadi malam.)
Passive voice:
- Poisonous gas had been used to kill hundreds of others. (Gas beracun telah digunakan untuk membunuh ratusan orang lainnya.)
- Your money had been saved by us. (Uang kamu telah disimpan oleh kami.)
- The meeting had been cancelled by Luna soon last night. (Pertemuan telah dibatalkan oleh Luna segera tadi malam.)
8. Past perfect continuous tense
Untuk past perfect continuous tense, kamu bisa menggunakan rumus active dan passive voice berikut ini.
Active voice: Subejct + had been + v-ing + O
Passive voice: Subject + had been being + verb-3 + O
Contoh kalimatnya:
Active voice:
- Mina had been buying some pie cakes for her. (Mina telah membeli beberapa kue pie untuknya.)
- Akbar had been meeting them. (Akbar telah bertemu mereka.)
- He had been buying me a ring. (Dia telah membelikanku cincin.)
Passive voice:
- Some pies had been being bought by Mina for her. (Beberapa kue pie telah dibeli oleh Mina untuknya.)
- They had been being met by Akbar. (Mereka telah bertemu dengan Akbar.)
- The ring hasd been being bought for me by him. (Cincin itu telah dibeli untukku olehnya.)
9. Simple future tense
Rumus active dan passive voice yang bisa digunakan dalam simple future tense adalah:
Active voice: Subject + will + verb 1 + object
Passive voice: Subject + wll be + verb 3 + Object
Contoh kalimatnya:
Active voice:
- Tata will buy a new sneakers. (Tata akan membeli sepatu kets baru.)
- We will watch an action movie this evening. (Kami akan menonton film laga malam ini.)
- I will visit my father tomorrow morning. (Aku akan mengunjungi ayahku besok pagi.)
Passive voice:
- The new sneakers will be bought by Tata. (Sepatu kets baru itu akan dibeli Tata.)
- An action movie will be watched this evening. (Film laga akan ditonton malam ini.)
- My father will be visited by me tomorrow morning. (Ayahku akan dikunjungi olehku besok pagi.)
10. Future continuous tense
Untuk future continuous tense, kamu bisa menggunakan rumus active dan passive voice berikut ini.
Active voice: Subject + will be + v-ing + object
Passive voice: Subject + will be being + verb 3 + object
Contoh kalimatnya:
Active voice:
- Qisthi will be singing a sad song for the next few weeks. (Qisthi akan menyanyikan lagu sedih selama beberapa minggu ke depan.)
- My father will be buying me a new motorbike tomorrow. (Ayahku akan membelikan aku motor baru besok.)
- Father will be drinking the coffee ice. (Ayah akan minum es kopi.)
Passive voice:
- A sad song will be being sung by Qisthi for the next few weeks. (Lagu sedih akan dinyanyikan oleh Qisthi selama beberapa minggu ke depan.)
- A new motorbike will be bought for me by my father tomorrow. (Sepeda motor baru akan dibelikan untukku oleh ayahku besok.)
- The coffee ice will be being drunk by father. (Es kopi akan diminum oleh ayah.)
11. Future perfect tense
Untuk future perfect tense, kamu bisa menggunakan rumus active dan passive voice berikut ini.
Active voice: Subject + will have + verb 3 + object
Passive voice: Subject + will have been + verb 3 + object
Contoh kalimatnya:
Active voice:
- My mother will have bought a few avocado at the market. (Ibuku akan membeli beberapa buah alpukat di pasar.)
- I will have completed my study by the end of this month. (Aku akan menyelesaikan sekolahku pada akhir bulan ini).
- My sister will have borrowed my dictionary. (Kakakku akan meminjam kamusku.)
Passive voice:
- A few avocados will have been bought by my mother in the market. (Beberapa buah alpukat akan dibeli oleh ibuku di pasar.)
- My study will have been completed by me by the end of this month. (Sekolahku akan diselesaikan olehku pada akhir bulan ini).
- My dictionary will have been borrowed by my sister. (Kamusku akan telah dipinjam oleh kakakku.)
12. Future perfect continuous tense
Rumus active dan passive voice yang bisa digunakan dalam future perfect continuous tense adalah:
Active voice: S + will have + been + v-ing + O
Passive voice: S + will have been being + V3 + O
Contoh kalimat:
Active voice:
- My mother will have been cooking fried rice for breakfast. (Ibuku akan memasak nasi goreng untuk sarapan.)
- Jimmy will have been listening to the music. (Jimmy akan mendengarkan musik.)
- I will have been writing news. (Aku akan menulis berita.)
Passive voice:
- Fried rice will have been being cooked by my mother for breakfast. (Nasi goreng akan dimasak oleh ibuku untuk sarapan.)
- The music will have been being listened by Jimmy. (Musik akan didengarkan oleh Jimmy.)
- The news will have been being written by me. (Berita itu akan ditulis olehku.)
13. Simple past future
Rumus active dan passive voice yang bisa digunakan dalam simple past future adalah:
Active voice: Subject + would + verb 1 + object
Passive voice: Subject + would be + verb 3 + object
Contoh kalimat:
Active voice:
- Risa would paint his house in 2 hours. (Risa akan mengecat rumahnya dalam dua jam.)
- Lia would give two beautiful scarves to her friend. (Lia akan memberikan dua syal cantik untuk temannya.)
- She would finish the task in an hour. (Dia akan menyelesaikan tugas tersebut dalam satu jam.)
Passive voice:
- The house would be painted by Risa in 2 hours. (Rumah itu akan dicat oleh Risa dalam dua jam.)
- The two beautiful scarves were given by Lia to her friend. (Dua syal cantik itu diberikan oleh Lia untuk temannya.)
- The task would be finished by her in an hour. (Tugas itu akan diselesaikan by her dalam satu jam.)
14. Past future continuous tense
Rumus active dan passive voice yang bisa digunakan dalam past future continuous tense adalah:
Active voice: Subject + would be + v-ing + O
Passive voice: Subject + would be being + verb-3 + O
Contoh kalimat:
Active voice:
- Shavira would be writing the novel. (Shavira akan menulis novel.)
- He would be playing the piano. (Dia akan bermain piano.)
- Kari would be wearing the jacket. (Kari akan memakai jaket.)
Passive voice:
- The novel would be being written by Shavira. (Novek akan ditulis oleh Shavira.)
- The piano would be being played by him. (Piano akan dimainkan oleh dia.)
- The jacket would be being wore by Kari. (Jaket itu akan dipakai oleh Kari.)
15. Past future perfect tense
Rumus active dan passive voice yang bisa digunakan dalam past future perfect tense adalah:
Active voice: Subject + would have + verb-3 + object
Passive voice: Subject + would have been + verb-3 + object
Contoh kalimat:
Active voice:
- Rere would have saved money for shopping. (Rere akan menyimpan uang untuk berbelanja.)
- Erica would have bought the books last month. (Erica akan membeli buku-buku itu bulan lalu.)
- He would have been bought a new bag. (Dia akan membeli tas baru.)
Passive voice:
- Money would have been saved by Rere for shopping. (Uang akan disimpan oleh Rere untuk berbelanja.)
- The books would have been bought by Erica last month. (Buku-buku itu akan dibeli oleh Erica bulan lalu.)
- The new bag would have been bought by him. (Tas baru akan dibeli olehnya.)
16. Past future perfect continuous tense
Rumus active dan passive voice yang bisa digunakan dalam past future perfect continuous tense adalah:
Active voice: Subject + would have been + v-ing + object
Passive voice: Subject + would have been being + verb-3 + object
Contoh kalimatnya:
Active voice:
- I would have been studying Math for a semester by the end of this month. (Aku akan belajar Matematika selama satu semester pada bulan ini.
- He would have been changing the leaky car tire. (Dia akan mengganti ban mobil yang bocor.)
- We would have been loving him. (Kami akan mencintainya.)
Passive voice:
- Math would have been being studied by me for a semester by the end of this month. (Matematikan akan aku pelajari selama satu semester pada bulan ini.)
- The leaky car tire would have been being changed by him. (Ban mobil yang bocor akan diganti olehnya.)
- He would have been being loved by us. (Dia akan dicintai oleh kita.)
Itulah rumus active voice dan passive voice beserta contoh kalimatnya dalam bahasa Inggris. Semoga informasi ini bermanfaat untuk kemampuan bahasa Inggris kamu ya!
